Status
Available
Call number
Publication
Oxford University Press (1989), Paperback, 320 pages
Description
By the best selling author of The Selfish Gene 'This entertaining and thought-provoking book is an excellent illustration of why the study of evolution is in such an exciting ferment these days.' Science 'The Extended Phenotype is a sequel to The Selfish Gene . . . he writes so clearly it could be understood by anyone prepared to make the effort' John Maynard Smith, London Review of Books 'Dawkins is quite incapable of being boring this characteristically brilliant and stimulating book is original and provocative throughout, and immensely enjoyable.' G. A. Parker, Heredity 'The extended phenot
User reviews
LibraryThing member setnahkt
This book followed The Selfish Gene and is generally considered a more rigorous treatment of the same theme: that the gene, not the organism or species, is the “unit” of natural selection. I’m not sure “more rigorous” is really apt; there are more examples from nature and less explanation
Dawkins starts by answering some of the criticisms of the earlier book. He’s fighting on three fronts here; the nonadaptationist evolutionary biologists, like Gould and Lewontin; the philosophers and sociologists who are uncomfortable with or just don’t understand the implications of natural selection on human behavior; and the creationists who are uncomfortable with science in general (Intelligent Design hadn’t made it into the public eye when this book was written). His responses are generally successful (although he has the advantage that his opponents have to write their own books to answer back); they are mostly done by a logical argument followed by a specific example or examples from nature of the point being illustrated. Some of the examples were amazing to me; the details of edible frog genetics, for example. The very first chapter, on genetic determinism, is the most philosophical; the whole idea is excruciatingly uncomfortable to many people, even some scientists. Dawkins gentler in his response to criticism than he is in some of his other books, and doesn’t display the contempt for religious belief that he’s evinced elsewhere.
The remainder of the book develops the theme of The Selfish Gene in more detail and with more examples. Of these, I found the chapter on various definitions of “fit” (as in “survival of the fittest”) the most interesting. Antievolutionists often use the supposed tautology of “survival of the fittest” (in which it is claimed that “the fittest” are circularly defined as “the ones that survive”) as a philosophical argument against evolution; this chapter is essential reading for anybody who needs to debate the issue. I was also very interested in the following chapter, on the genetics of animal artefacts. In paleontology, a “trace fossil”, such as the preserved tracks of an animal, can receive a distinct species name (if the organism that made the tracks is unknown). In fact, “fossil” is commonly described as “the preserved remains of an organism or the work of an organism” and the recognition that things like a coral reef or a beaver dam or a 747 are also influenced by natural selection is an interesting and valuable concept.
If the book has a flaw, it’s that it doesn’t hang together very well. Dawkins is engaging and erudite, but has trouble in organizing things as a coherent whole. Perhaps this is a result of the mechanics of normal; scientific publication, where you present your work as a series of journal articles; The Extended Phenotype sometimes seems to be just that, a series of articles or essays that have been strung together to make a book without a lot of attention to making the parts work as a whole. (Maybe there’s another metaphor in there - the “selfish article”, emphasizing itself at the expense of the entire book). Nevertheless, this is four stars.
Show More
of elementary biological concepts, but anybody with high-school biology or the equivalent ought to be able to follow the text.Dawkins starts by answering some of the criticisms of the earlier book. He’s fighting on three fronts here; the nonadaptationist evolutionary biologists, like Gould and Lewontin; the philosophers and sociologists who are uncomfortable with or just don’t understand the implications of natural selection on human behavior; and the creationists who are uncomfortable with science in general (Intelligent Design hadn’t made it into the public eye when this book was written). His responses are generally successful (although he has the advantage that his opponents have to write their own books to answer back); they are mostly done by a logical argument followed by a specific example or examples from nature of the point being illustrated. Some of the examples were amazing to me; the details of edible frog genetics, for example. The very first chapter, on genetic determinism, is the most philosophical; the whole idea is excruciatingly uncomfortable to many people, even some scientists. Dawkins gentler in his response to criticism than he is in some of his other books, and doesn’t display the contempt for religious belief that he’s evinced elsewhere.
The remainder of the book develops the theme of The Selfish Gene in more detail and with more examples. Of these, I found the chapter on various definitions of “fit” (as in “survival of the fittest”) the most interesting. Antievolutionists often use the supposed tautology of “survival of the fittest” (in which it is claimed that “the fittest” are circularly defined as “the ones that survive”) as a philosophical argument against evolution; this chapter is essential reading for anybody who needs to debate the issue. I was also very interested in the following chapter, on the genetics of animal artefacts. In paleontology, a “trace fossil”, such as the preserved tracks of an animal, can receive a distinct species name (if the organism that made the tracks is unknown). In fact, “fossil” is commonly described as “the preserved remains of an organism or the work of an organism” and the recognition that things like a coral reef or a beaver dam or a 747 are also influenced by natural selection is an interesting and valuable concept.
If the book has a flaw, it’s that it doesn’t hang together very well. Dawkins is engaging and erudite, but has trouble in organizing things as a coherent whole. Perhaps this is a result of the mechanics of normal; scientific publication, where you present your work as a series of journal articles; The Extended Phenotype sometimes seems to be just that, a series of articles or essays that have been strung together to make a book without a lot of attention to making the parts work as a whole. (Maybe there’s another metaphor in there - the “selfish article”, emphasizing itself at the expense of the entire book). Nevertheless, this is four stars.
Show Less
LibraryThing member IslandDave
Dawkin's follow up to the excellent (and for me, five-star rated) The Selfish Gene expands upon the idea of germ-line replicators and their consequential phenotypic effects. This book is less approachable than Selfish Gene for the lay person, but for those willing to put in the time and effort, the
The only reason I give for handing Extended Phenotype a four and one-half star rating (rather than a full five) is that Dawkins clearly expects a graduate-level biology education and prior exposure to lots of genetic research and argument for the reader to understand all of his specific counter-arguments and at times, his terminology. That said, this is a facinating extension of the selfish gene concept, one which should open the eyes of anyone who has the mental curiousity to read it.
Show More
discussions of genetics and phenotypes are priceless and informative. Like all of Dawkins' books, his argument style is fantastic, explanatory, and often expansive enough to fully encompass a particularly controversial point. The only reason I give for handing Extended Phenotype a four and one-half star rating (rather than a full five) is that Dawkins clearly expects a graduate-level biology education and prior exposure to lots of genetic research and argument for the reader to understand all of his specific counter-arguments and at times, his terminology. That said, this is a facinating extension of the selfish gene concept, one which should open the eyes of anyone who has the mental curiousity to read it.
Show Less
LibraryThing member prochoice
This was the book that made me understand how genes work.
And what meant more to me: that evolution could explain anything I hate in my existence. At school the tree of evolution was taught, but nobody told me the difference between facts and apologetics; therefore I wasted lots of time to combat
Knowledge has been expanded since its first print, but the pattern is still valid.
And for a non-native speaker of English it is a textbook for language, too.
And what meant more to me: that evolution could explain anything I hate in my existence. At school the tree of evolution was taught, but nobody told me the difference between facts and apologetics; therefore I wasted lots of time to combat
Show More
the latter.Knowledge has been expanded since its first print, but the pattern is still valid.
And for a non-native speaker of English it is a textbook for language, too.
Show Less
LibraryThing member PickledOnion42
The Extended Phenotype is required reading for all those who, having read The Selfish Gene, found themself wanting a more detailed (or rather, more technical) explanation of the 'gene-eye-view' Darwinian model. As the author states from the outset, this is a work geared more toward the professional
At the risk of sounding patronising, I would like to offer any fellow layman thinking of reading this book the following advice: find yourself a copy of the 2008 OUP edition featuring a glossary as well as an afterword by Daniel Dennet. Read the afterword first (it is a very well-written overview of the book's contents) and familiarise yourself with the terms in the glossary before even starting the book. If you do this (I wish I had done) I think you will get far more out of the book than you otherwise might have done.
Show More
biologist or biology student than the lay public, however if you have an interest in the subject and are prepared to expend a not inconsiderable amount of cognitive effort, you should finish the book with a far greater understanding of the theory than before you started. Personally, I found the book more of a struggle than I had anticipated, and I doubt I have retained more than half of the contents; however, Dawkins' masterful use of language and beautiful prose style made it an altogether enjoyable struggle, if that's not too much of a contradiction.At the risk of sounding patronising, I would like to offer any fellow layman thinking of reading this book the following advice: find yourself a copy of the 2008 OUP edition featuring a glossary as well as an afterword by Daniel Dennet. Read the afterword first (it is a very well-written overview of the book's contents) and familiarise yourself with the terms in the glossary before even starting the book. If you do this (I wish I had done) I think you will get far more out of the book than you otherwise might have done.
Show Less
LibraryThing member Osdolai
The Selfish Gene is enough of a classic that it can still be read, understood and enjoyed today. But this follow-up has aged badly. Much of the information is outdated and large sections of the book consist of Dawkins rebuking the rebuttals to the original. This usually takes the form of inflamed
Show More
ad hominems and meandering logical arguments - the kind of ego trip that Oxbridge intellectuals like to indulge in. I would not recommend this book to a general audience and only in a qualified manner to people interested in biology and evolution. Show Less
LibraryThing member _Greg
Bodies, nests, tools, etc. are all just expressions of genes undergoing evolution. From the genetic level there is really no reason to distinguish bodies (the traditional phenotype) from the behavior and the artifacts that are also the result of or influenced by the genetic program of an organism.
LibraryThing member nepeta
it's a good book with interesting theories but it's a little slow and boring to read.
LibraryThing member woollymammoth
A more complex explanation of the Selfish Gene. I have to admit I'm not sure how much I'd understand if I wasn't a medic and didn't like genetics as a subject.
LibraryThing member miketroll
Rich brainfood from a first-rate exponent of the widely misunderstood theory of evolution.
LibraryThing member kanegreen
I couldn't really finish this book. I have read most of Dawkins' other stuff and am a huge fan of every other one. I really looked forward to this as the premise really intrigued me. However, it is an extremely difficult read. I feel pretty clued up on the subject of Dawkins' books, as much as the
Dawkins acknowledges this and provides a glossary at the back of the book but constantly referring to this, sometimes three times per page, made the book unreadable for me.
The rating I've given for this book does not reflect on it's undoubted brilliance if you are brainy enough to follow it. I'm sure for the academic/biology student it will be just fine!
Overall 3/5 - Not for the layman!
Show More
next layman anyway, but this is definitely aimed more towards science/biology academics/students. Dawkins acknowledges this and provides a glossary at the back of the book but constantly referring to this, sometimes three times per page, made the book unreadable for me.
The rating I've given for this book does not reflect on it's undoubted brilliance if you are brainy enough to follow it. I'm sure for the academic/biology student it will be just fine!
Overall 3/5 - Not for the layman!
Show Less
LibraryThing member Cheryl_in_CC_NV
Couldn't quite make it through this one either - I just don't have the training and curiosity isn't enough for non-geniuses like me. And it's old - I pretty much take for granted the idea that he presented so ground-breakingly back then.
Language
Original publication date
1982
Physical description
320 p.; 9.06 inches
ISBN
0192860887 / 9780192860880